Neck Pain

Neck Pain Neck pain is the second most common complain that patients present to physiotherapy departments with, after back pain. The neck is the upper region of the spine called the cervical spine. It is composed of 7 vertebrae separated by discs and supported by ligaments and muscles. The cervical spine can be subdivided into 3 regions. The upper cervical spine vertebrae C0-C2, the middle cervical spine C3-C6, and the lower cervical spine C6-T2. The T1 and T2 vertebrae are part of the thoracic spine anatomy but they function as one unit with the rest of the low cervical spine. Those 3 sections of the cervical spine can function as a unit of independent from each other.  The upper cervical spine contributes 50% of the neck rotation and more than 60% of the overall headaches. Any dysfunction around that area can cause significant amount of pain and discomfort. Dysfunction around this area is commonly associated with poor postural control, sustained postures and lack of movement. In more severe traumatic cases with ligament damage dizziness and blackouts can also be present. The upper cervical spine can also refer pain down the arm as well as fascial and jaw pain. The middle part of the cervical spine is where most of the flexion and extension of the neck occurs as well as about 30-40% of rotation.  The lower cervical spine contributes to flexion and extension of the neck as well as the upper trunk. Common pathologies: Whiplash Arthrogenic pain (arthritis) Neurogenic pain Stiffness/muscle spasms Disc prolapse Headaches Referred pain Peripheral sensitisation Cervical instability VBI Treatments at PPC: Up to date evidence based  Identify cause of the pain Identify contributing factors Education regarding condition/management/cure Manual therapy: latest up to date techniques Acupuncture Manipulation Soft tissue treatment Postural control Cognitive functional rehabilitation Strength & conditioning to maintain